An intriguing new idea involves "feeding" surplus power to the microorganisms instead, which combine it with carbon dioxide to create methane. That could then be stored and burned when needed. The method is sustainable too, as the carbon is taken from the atmosphere, not released from long-term storage in oil or coal.
If the CO2 used to make the methane was captured from the flue pipes of power stations or even – using more complex methods – from the open air, the methane would become a carbon-neutral fuel.
Journal reference: Environmental Science & Technology (DOI: 10.1021/es803531g)